Hippasteria phrygiana Knotiger Seestern, Stacheliger Roter Seestern

Hippasteria phrygiana (Parelius, 1768)

Ein sehr stacheliger, steifer Seestern mit relativ kurzen Armen und großen, zweischaligen (muschelartigen) Pedicellarien. Die Farbe variiert von hellem oder dunklem Orange bis Zinnoberrot.

Kommt weltweit in kalten Gewässern vor, mit Ausnahme der Polarregionen. Hippasteria phrygiana bevorzugt weiche Substrate, kommt aber gelegentlich auch auf harten Substraten vor.

Hippasteria phrygiana ernährt sich von Seefedern, See-Anemonen, Krustenanemonen und Seescheiden. Er ist einer der Hauptfreßfeinde der orangen Seefeder Ptilosarcus gurneyi.

Synonyme:
Asterias equestris Linnaeus, 1758 · unaccepted (synonym)
Asterias johnstoni Gray in Johnston, 1836 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Sladen (1889))
Asterias phrygiana Parelius, 1768 · unaccepted (original name)
Astrogonium aculeatum Barrett, 1857 · unaccepted (synonym)
Astrogonium phrygianum (Parelius, 1768) · unaccepted (subsequent name by Muller &...)
Goniaster abbensis Forbes, 1843 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Sladen (1889))
Goniaster equestris (Linnaeus, 1758) · unaccepted (A synonym according to Muller &...)
Goniaster phrygianus (Parelius, 1768) · unaccepted (subsequent name used by Norman...)
Hippasteria (Nehippasteria) insignis Dons, 1937 · unaccepted (synonym)
Hippasteria aleutica Clark & Jewett, 2011 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria argentinensis Bernasconi, 1961 · unaccepted (Subspecies according to Downey in...)
Hippasteria armata Fisher, 1911 · unaccepted
Hippasteria colossa Djakonov, 1950 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria cornuta Gray, 1840 · unaccepted (synonym according to Sladen (1889))
Hippasteria derjungini Djakonov, 1950 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria europaea Gray, 1840 · unaccepted (synonym of Astrogonium...)
Hippasteria hyadesi Perrier, 1891 · unaccepted
Hippasteria insignis Dons, 1937 · unaccepted
Hippasteria johnstoni (Gray, 1836) · unaccepted (synonym according to Muller and...)
Hippasteria kurilensis Fisher, 1911 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria leiopelta armata Fisher, 1911 · unaccepted
Hippasteria mammifera Djakonov, 1950 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria pedicellaris Djakonov, 1950 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria phrygiana argentinensis Bernasconi, 1961 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria phrygiana phrygiana (Parelius, 1768) · unaccepted (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria phrygiana strongylactis H.L. Clark, 1926 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria plana Gray, 1840 · unaccepted (synonym according to Mortensen (1927))
Hippasteria spinosa Verrill, 1909 · unaccepted (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria strongylactis H.L. Clark, 1926 · unaccepted (A forma according to Downey in...)
Hippasteria trojana Fell, 1958 · unaccepted

Unterarten (4)
Hippasteria phrygiana var. capensis Mortensen, 1933
Hippasteria phrygiana argentinensis Bernasconi, 1961 accepted as Hippasteria phrygiana (Parelius, 1768) (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria phrygiana phrygiana (Parelius, 1768) accepted as Hippasteria phrygiana (Parelius, 1768) (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))
Hippasteria phrygiana strongylactis H.L. Clark, 1926 accepted as Hippasteria phrygiana (Parelius, 1768) (Synonym according to Mah et al. (2014))